Each year foodborne illnesses sicken an estimated 48 million people, leading to more than 128,000 hospitalizations and 3,000 deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. State and local agencies play a critical role in keeping US food safe, and detecting and responding to outbreaks of foodborne illness.
State foodborne illness laws regulate which illnesses need to be reported, the timeframe for reporting, and which agencies must then be informed of the illness and/or outbreak. This map focuses on state laws relating to foodborne illness surveillance and outbreak response, including the reporting requirements for several of the most common foodborne diseases.
1. Does the state include a list within the text of its laws that identifies foodborne illnesses (or related conditions and events) that are required to be reported to the state or local health officer?
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2. Who must report foodborne illness within the state?
Clinical Laboratories
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3. Where do physicians report cases of foodborne illness?
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4. Where do clinical laboratories report cases of foodborne illness?
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5. Are health authorities required to report unidentified food-related illnesses?
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5.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of unidentified food-related illness?
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5.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of unidentified food-related illness?
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5.3. What is the main method(s) physicians use for reporting unidentified food-related illness?
Mail
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5.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for a case reported as unidentified food-related illness to the state public health laboratory?
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6. Does the law explicitly include “foodborne illness outbreak” as a distinct reportable condition?
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6.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and confirmed foodborne illness outbreaks?
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6.2. What is the timeframe for reporting foodborne illness outbreaks?
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6.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting foodborne illness outbreaks?
Mail
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6.4. Must clinical laboratories submit patient specimens/isolates for cases identified as part of a foodborne illness outbreak to the state public health laboratory?
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7. Does the law explicitly include the term “outbreak” as a distinct reportable condition?
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7.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and confirmed outbreaks?
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7.2. What is the timeframe for reporting outbreaks?
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7.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting outbreaks?
Mail
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7.4. Must clinical laboratories submit patient specimens/isolates for cases identified as part of an outbreak to the state public health laboratory?
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8. Is campylobacteriosis a reportable condition?
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8.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of campylobacteriosis?
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8.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of campylobacteriosis?
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8.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of campylobacteriosis?
Mail
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8.4. Are clinical laboratories required to submit a patient specimen/isolate to the state public health laboratory for cases of campylobacteriosis?
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9. Is botulism (Clostridium botulinum) a reportable condition?
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9.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of botulism?
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9.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of botulism?
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9.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of botulism?
Mail
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9.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of botulism to the state public health laboratory?
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10. Is Clostridium perfringes a reportable condition?
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10.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of Clostridium perfringes?
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10.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of Clostridium perfringes?
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10.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of Clostridium perfringes?
Mail
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10.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of Clostridium perfringes to the state public health laboratory?
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11. Is cryptosporidosis a reportable condition?
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11.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosis?
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11.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of cryptosporidosis?
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11.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of cryptosporidiosis?
Mail
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11.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of cryptosporidosis to the state public health laboratory?
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12. Is cyclosporiasis a reportable condition?
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12.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of cyclosporiasis?
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12.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of cyclosporiasis?
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12.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of cyclosporiasis?
Mail
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12.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of cyclosporiasis to the state public health laboratory?
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13. Is hepatitis A a reportable condition?
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13.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of hepatitis A?
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13.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of hepatitis A?
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13.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of hepatitis A?
Mail
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13.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of hepatitis A to the state public health laboratory?
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14. Is listeriosis a reportable condition?
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14.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of listeriosis?
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14.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of listeriosis?
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14.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of listeriosis?
Mail
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14.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of listeriosis to the state public health laboratory?
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15. Is norovirus a reportable condition?
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15.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of norovirus?
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15.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of norovirus?
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15.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of norovirus?
Mail
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15.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of norovirus to the state public health laboratory?
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16. Is salmonellosis a reportable condition?
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16.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of salmonellosis?
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16.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of salmonellosis?
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16.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of salmonellosis?
Mail
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16.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of salmonellosis to the state public health laboratory?
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17. Is E.coli (STEC) O157 a reportable condition?
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17.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of E.coli (STEC) O157?
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17.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of E.coli (STEC) O157?
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17.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of E.coli (STEC) O157?
Mail
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17.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of E.coli (STEC) O157 to the state public health laboratory?
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18. Is E.coli (STEC) non-O157 a reportable condition?
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18.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of E.coli (STEC) non-O157?
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18.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of E.coli (STEC) non-O157?
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18.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of E.coli (STEC) non-O157?
Mail
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18.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of E.coli (STEC) non-O157to the state public health laboratory?
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19. Is shigellosis a reportable condition?
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19.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of shigellosis?
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19.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of shigellosis?
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19.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of shigellosis?
Mail
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19.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of shigellosis to the state public health laboratory?
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20. Is toxoplasmosis a reportable condition?
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20.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of toxoplasmosis?
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20.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of toxoplasmosis?
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20.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of toxoplasmosis?
Mail
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20.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of toxoplasmosis to the state public health laboratory?
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21. Is vibriosis a reportable condition?
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21.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of vibriosis?
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21.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of vibriosis?
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21.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of vibriosis?
Mail
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21.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of vibriosis to the state public health laboratory?
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22. Is yersiniosis a reportable condition?
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22.1. Are physicians required to report both suspected and diagnosed/confirmed cases of yersiniosis?
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22.2. What is the timeframe for reporting cases of yersiniosis?
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22.3. What is the primary method(s) physicians use for reporting cases of yersiniosis?
Mail
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22.4. Must clinical laboratories submit a patient specimen/isolate for cases of yersiniosis to the state public health laboratory?
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23. What is the state population?
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24. What is the state per capita income?
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25. How many area PulseNet laboratories are located in this state?
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26. Does the state participate in FoodNet?
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27. Does the state have an FDA Rapid Response Team (RRT) grant?
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28. Is an FDA FoodCORE regional program located within the state?
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29. Does the state participate in the Environmental Health Specialist Network (EHS-Net)?
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30. Does the state participate in the Food Emergency Response Network (FERN)?
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31. Does the state have a Food Safety Integrated Center for Excellence (FSICE)?
